Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) constitute rare neuroendocrine malignancies originating from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla (pheochromocytomas) or extra-adrenal paraganglia sites (paragangliomas). While infrequent in occurrence, these neoplasms possess considerable clinical significance due to sporadic catecholamine secretion, cardiac complications, and metastatic...
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